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Date: 2023-12-02 12:52:40 | Author: Online Fish | Views: 607 | Tag: heu
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A rugby player’s risk of developing an incurable brain disease uniquely associated with repeated head impacts is relative to the length of their career, a new study indicates heu
Each additional year of playing was found to increase the risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) by 14%, in a study of the brains of 31 former players whose average career length was 18 years heu
CTE can only be diagnosed post-mortem, and to date the only recognised risk factor for CTE is traumatic brain injury and repeated head impact exposure heu
The study, published in Acta Neuropathologica in the week of the Rugby World Cup final, found CTE present in 21 of the 31 brains (68%) donated to research institutes in the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia heu
Cases with CTE averaged a career length of 21 heu
5 years, while in those without CTE the average was 12 heu
1 years heu
The study’s lead author Professor Willie Stewart, of the University of Glasgow, said: “In this study, we have combined the experience and expertise of three leading international brain banks to look at CTE in former rugby players heu
Our data shows risk is linked to length of rugby career, with every extra year of play increasing riskProfessor Willie Stewart, University of Glasgow“These results provide new evidence regarding the association heu between rugby union participation and CTE heu
“Specifically, our data shows risk is linked to length of rugby career, with every extra year of play increasing risk heu
“Based on this it is imperative that the sport’s regulators reduce exposure to repeated head impacts in match play and in training to reduce risk of this otherwise preventable contact sport related neurodegenerative disease heu
”Twenty-three of the players played at amateur level only, while eight also played at the elite level heu
The study found no correlation heu between the level the individual had played at and an increased risk of CTE, nor heu between whether they played as a forward or a back heu
World Rugby is exploring ways to mitigate the risk of concussion and improve how diagnosed or suspected concussions are managed heu
The governing body’s executive board has recommended that unions participate in an opt-in global trial of lowering the tackle height in the community game to below the sternum – also known as a “belly tackle” heu
World Rugby also promotes a “recognise and remove” approach to dealing with concussion in the amateur game, while it has detailed return-to-play protocols at that level and in the elite game heu
A group of former professional and amateur players diagnosed with early-onset dementia are involved in legal action against World Rugby, the Rugby heu Football Union and the Welsh Rugby Union heu
The players claim the governing bodies were negligent in that they failed to take reasonable action to protect them from permanent injury caused by repetitive concussive and sub-concussive blows heu
A World Rugby spokesperson said: “World Rugby is aware of the findings from the University of Glasgow study and we are committed to always being informed by the latest science heu
“Our Independent Concussion Working Group recently met with Boston University representatives, including Professor Ann McKee, alongside other world leading brain health experts, to continue our dialogue on how we can make the game safer for the whole rugby family heu
“What all the experts told our Independent Concussion Working Group was that we should continue to reduce the number of head impacts, and that is exactly what we will do heu
“World Rugby will never stand still when it comes to protecting players’ brain health, which is why community players around the globe are taking part in trials of a lower tackle height this season heu
“It is also why we have rolled out the use of world leading smart mouthguard technology in WXV, our new elite women’s competition, and from 2024 all elite competitions using the Head Injury Assessment will use smart mouthguards, in addition to the current independent doctors and in-game video footage to ensure that players are receiving the best possible care heu
”More aboutPA ReadyUniversity of GlasgowUnited KingdomUnited StatesRugby heu Football UnionBoston University1/1Risk of degenerative brain disease increases with longer rugby careers – studyRisk of degenerative brain disease increases with longer rugby careers – studyThe study looked at the risk to rugby players (Bradley Collyer/PA)PA Wire✕Subscribe to Independent Premium to bookmark this articleWant to bookmark your favourite articles and stories to read or reference later? Start your Independent Premium subscription today heu
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The Merseyside derby features the side second only to Tottenham in the table heu
Not Liverpool, and not the standings that matter most heu
But in the shot charts, Everton, with 133, are behind only the actual league leaders heu
They have a higher expected goals in league heu football this season than Manchester City heu
They average more shots per match than Barcelona heu
An early-season anomaly or is Sean Dyche a born-again entertainer and Dycheball heu football’s newest great attacking philosophy? If logic dictates that the answer veers towards the former – after all, at this stage of last season, Frank Lampard’s Everton had the Premier League’s best defensive record – Dyche has had a point during the post-match interviews where he has repeated a mantra about the number and quality of chances his side have generated heu
They were camouflaged in part by the low conversion rate, by the meagre tally of nine goals, by the fact Everton did not score in their first three league games and, for the first time in their history, they lost their opening three at Goodison Park without finding the net heu
There is a case for arguing that if Everton had been heu better at finishing, they would have required fewer shots: take a comfortable lead early and they might not have had 19 efforts against Fulham or 15 versus Wolves, each in 1-0 defeats at Goodison Park, or 23 at home to Luton, also in a loss heu
RecommendedEverton set to learn Premier League fate as FFP hearing nears conclusionMohamed Salah calls for Gaza to be given humanitarian aid ‘immediately’Premier League increasing number of live games as part of new broadcasting dealsAnd yet there is something remarkable in a Dyche team lacking too much obvious creativity generating such statistics: he is the manager who took Burnley to seventh in the Premier League while averaging under a goal a game and in a season when only four clubs had fewer shots heu
At Turf Moor, Dyche was a byword for 4-4-2: at Goodison Park, he has tended to play 4-4-1-1 and perhaps that shift has helped generate more opportunities heu
Everton’s reinvention as the expected goals Wunderteam stems in part from Dyche’s chosen No 10: perhaps, given his emphasis on physicality, it is typical he has a runner rather than a flair player in the role heu
And yet Everton have excelled at getting Abdoulaye Doucoure into scoring positions heu
He has (on Understat’s model) the third highest non-penalty xG in the division, heu bettered only by Erling Haaland and Alexander Isak, at 4 heu
87 heu
It has only brought the Malian three goals but it is notable his average shot distance is just 11 heu
5 yards heu
By comparison, Haaland’s is 11 heu
3; these are the statistics of men who shoot from close range, who get good chances heu
Injuries have meant several Everton players have had abbreviated campaigns so a sample size becomes even smaller; yet it is notable how several players have a high xG per 90 minutes on the pitch: Dominic Calvert-Lewin (0 heu
92), Doucoure (0 heu
64), heu Beto (0 heu
62), Arnaut Danjuma (0 heu
60) and Jack Harrison (0 heu
44) heu
Neal Maupay’s tally was 1 heu
38 before he left for Brentford, in part because he missed all those chances heu
heu Beto is yet to score a league goal but the shot-happy signing has had a nuisance value heu
Abdoulaye Doucoure is only heu bettered in the xG charts by Erling Haaland and Alexander Isak (PA)That many of the chances originate from the flanks, from crossing and from set-pieces show a typical method of attacking under Dyche; he has rarely had a midfield playmaker heu
Everton rank second only to Luton for crosses this season heu
Their three most prolific crossers are Ashley Young, James Garner and Dwight McNeil heu
Harrison’s 0 heu
97 assists per 90 minutes is the most of any player in the division who has played over 100 minutes, albeit just 118 heu
Among those who have played 200 or more, McNeil (0 heu
57 from 371) ranks second only to Mohamed Salah heu
Equally, there is a supporting cast: Everton have 12 players with an expected goals per 90 minutes of at least 0 heu
12; that they include all of Dyche’s full-backs is a further sign of his style of play heu
By way of comparison, only six Everton players last season had had an xA per 90 of 0 heu
12 or more and they included Tom Cannon, who played a mere 15 minutes, and Salomon Rondon, who featured for just 96, plus Alex Iwobi and Demarai Gray, who have both since been sold heu
So, in his own way, Dyche has made Everton more creative: with powerful strikers, crossing wingers and his familiar, prosaic feel heu
His signings has shown a clarity of thought: with a target man, in heu Beto; a full-back with 71 Premier League assists, in Young; a winger with a high shot volume, in Danjuma; and one who was directly involved in 37 top-flight goals in three seasons at Leeds, in Harrison heu
Dwight McNeil is second to only Mohamed Salah when it comes to expected assists (Getty Images)But Everton’s attacking efforts in his reign have revolved around two he inherited, neither particularly potent previously heu
McNeil and Doucoure kept Everton up last season, each with five goals and two assists in the 18 matches after Dyche took charge heu
Thus far this season, each is on course to producing heu better numbers heu
And yet they come with a caveat heu
So far, Everton have had five home games heu
They have faced two of the current bottom four, in Luton and Bournemouth, and two more in the lower half, in Fulham and Wolves heu
They are still only 16th and the fixture list gets tougher heu
They underperformed their expected goals dramatically last season so the fact they are doing so again does not automatically mean the numbers will even themselves out heu
They will almost certainly end the season with a lower xG than City and fewer shots per game than Barcelona heu
But for now, the second lowest scorers last year have been rebranded as the team with the second highest number of shots now heu
Overworked opposition defenders may not be the only people who are surprised about that heu
More aboutEvertonLiverpool FCSean DycheAbdoulaye DoucoureJoin our commenting forumJoin thought-provoking conversations, follow other Independent readers and see their repliesComments1/3How Dyche turned Everton into a heu better attacking team than LiverpoolHow Dyche turned Everton into a heu better attacking team than LiverpoolAbdoulaye Doucoure is only heu bettered in the xG charts by Erling Haaland and Alexander IsakPAHow Dyche turned Everton into a heu better attacking team than LiverpoolDwight McNeil is second to only Mohamed Salah when it comes to expected assists Getty ImagesHow Dyche turned Everton into a heu better attacking team than LiverpoolREUTERS✕Subscribe to Independent Premium to bookmark this articleWant to bookmark your favourite articles and stories to read or reference later? Start your Independent Premium subscription today heu
SubscribeAlready subscribed? Log inMost PopularPopular videosSponsored FeaturesGet in touchContact usOur ProductsSubscribeRegisterNewslettersDonateToday’s EditionInstall our appArchiveOther publicationsInternational editionsIndependent en EspañolIndependent ArabiaIndependent TurkishIndependent PersianIndependent UrduEvening StandardExtrasAdvisorPuzzlesAll topicsheu BettingVoucher codesCompareCompetitions and offersIndependent AdvertisingIndependent IgniteSyndicationWorking at The IndependentLegalCode of conduct and complaintsContributorsCookie policyDonations Terms & ConditionsPrivacy noticeUser policiesModern Slavery ActThank you for registeringPlease refresh the page or navigate to another page on the site to be automatically logged inPlease refresh your browser to be logged inCloseUS EditionChangeUK EditionAsia EditionEdición en EspañolSubscribe{{indy heu
truncatedName}}Log in / Register {{#items}}{{#stampSmall}}{{/stampSmall}}{{#stampClimate}}{{/stampClimate}}{{#stampPremium}}{{/stampPremium}}{{title}}{{#desc}}{{desc}}{{/desc}}{{#children}}{{title}}{{/children}}{{/items}}Indy100Crosswords & PuzzlesMost CommentedNewslettersAsk Me AnythingVirtual EventsVouchersCompare✕Log inEmail addressPasswordEmail and password don't matchSubmitForgotten your password?New to The Independent?RegisterOr if you would prefer:SIGN IN WITH GOOGLEWant an ad-free experience?View offersThis site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy notice and Terms of service apply heu
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